A study on the Central venous catheter related bloodstream infection in Critical Care Unit in a tertiary care Hospital

Abstract

Purpose : Though Central venous catheters are                  unavoidable in current management of patients in critical care units, they pose a major problem of central venous catheter related blood stream infections, leading to                 increased morbidity and mortality. The purpose of the study is to estimate the magnitude of CRBSI,                        Microbiological profile and Antibiotic resistance pattern and predisposing factors in order to prevent and treat the               bacteremia.  Materials and Methods: Catheter tips of CVC recovered from critical care patients showing clinical features of sepsis  are processed by Maki’s semi                     quantitative roll plate culture technique. A colony count of >15 CFU/ml is taken as positive culture. Simultaneous blood is drawn from peripheral vein culture yielding the same organism as in tip is taken as CRBSI. Positive tip culture and negative blood culture is taken as Catheter tip colonization. Results : The rate of CRBSI was found to be 11.54%(8.1 per 1000 catheter days) and Catheter colonization was7.69%.  Coagulase negative staphylococcus and Escherichia coli are found to be the major isolates causing CRBSI. Conclusion: Prolonged duration of     catheter insitu days plays a mojor role in the pathogenesis of CRBSI. Strict adherence to infection control policy with early diagnosis and intervention can prevent the incidence of such infections.