Glial Heterotopia: Masquerader of a Dermoid

Abstract

Introduction: Glial Heterotopia is a rare midline

swelling which must be differentiated from a dermoid,

encephalocele and hemangioma in order to plan correct

management. Clinical evaluation and imaging was

suggestive of a dermoid. Histopathological examination

following excision revealed glial heterotopia. Case Report:

A 1 and a half year old child presented with a well-defined

swelling over the root of the nose which was clinically

thought to be a dermoid, bearing in mind other

differentials. Following imaging, surgical excision was done

and histopathology revealed features suggestive of a Glial

Heterotopia. Discussion: Various swellings mimic a

midline dermoid including encephaloceles, haemangiomas

and rarely Glial Heterotopias. Glial Heterotopiaa are rare

sporadically occuring congenital midline lesions,

originating from benign heterotopic neural tissue. High

resolution Imaging helps to rule out intracranial extension

and differentiate from other swellings. Microscopic findings

are specific and diagnostic. Conclusion: A differential

diagnosis of a Glial Heterotopia must be borne in mind

when dealing with any midline head and neck swelling.

Pre-operative imaging is essential and an aesthetically

planned complete surgical excision forms the mainstay of

treatment.