Congenital anomalies and anatomical aberrations in head & neck oncology : A single institution experience

Abstract

Background: Congenital anomalies are defined as structural or functional anomalies that occur during intrauterine life. Awareness of such variations will          decrease intraoperative dilemma and complications. In this article we have presented our experience in             congenital anomalies and anatomical aberrations in head and neck malignancies. We have reviewed              literature and discussed relevant embryology & their clinical significance. Materials and Methods: All patients with head and neck malignancies operated at our institution in the past three years, who had congenital anomalies and anatomical aberrations             detected during preoperative evaluation or intra               operatively were included in this study. Results: Eight types of congenital anomalies were encountered, with most common anomaly being the aberrations in pattern of facial N branches (43%). Thyroglossal cyst and Non recurrent laryngeal nerves were the next common anomalies noted (13%). Preoperative suspicion and diagnosis was evident in three patients. Conclusion: Though rare, congenital anomalies may pose significant challenges to the surgeon. Since most of them are           noticed intraoperatively, a thorough knowledge of           anatomy and its variation will help prevent injury to these structures. When promptly recognised and appropriately dealt, congenital anomalies do not produce surgical morbidity.