ANALYSIS OF PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURES OF THE SPINE

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Pathological fractures of the spine occurs due to damaged bone. The causes of   pathological fractures includes metabolic, infective and         neoplastic. They are significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The treatment needs deep knowledge about the underlying pathology. Hence knowledge of pathological  fractures of spine is of essence. AIM OF THE STUDY- The purpose of this study was to analyse the pathological  fractures of spine, their etiology, presentation and treatment modalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven cases of pathological fractures of spine fractures admitted to RGGGH during the period of 2014-2016 were studied retrospectively. They were analysed for level of involvement, underlying etiology and treatment administered was studied in detail. RESULTS - Out of the eleven cases of pathological fractures of spine, six were men and five female patients. Three cases were tuberculosis of spine involving the dorsolumbar   segments. One case was primary tumour of the spine (multiple myeloma). Five patients had metastasis of spine. Two patients had osteoporotic spine fractures. All diagnosis of infective and tumour etiology are confirmed by biopsy. Nine patients were operated with posterior stabilization using   pedicle screws and rods. one patient died after three months of diagnosis (Carcinoma breast with secondaries spine). CONCLUSION - Pathological fractures of spine can occur at any age. They are important cause for incapacitating pain and morbidity. Pathological fractures of spine treatment varies widely from treating traumatic fractures. Detailed examination and investigations are mandatory. Radiological investigations should never be hesitated. The treatment should not only focus on stabilizing the spine It should aim at treating the underlying pathology. Tailored treatment using multimodal approach with various modalities should be advocated    depending upon patient and the pathology.