Cover Image

Comparison of Rapid Immunochromatographic Test with ELISA for Anti- HCV Antibody Detection in Patients on Haemodialysis

SUSITHA .

Abstract


: Aim Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been identified as the major cause of post transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis. The prevalence of HCV is consistently higher among haemodialysis patients than in general population. In this study, immunochromatographic test (ICT) is to be compared with  Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the effective detection of anti-HCV antibodies in patients on                         haemodialysis.Methods A total of 106 blood samples from             patients on haemodialysis were collected for a period of six months from July to December 2011. Sera were tested for anti HCV antibodies by rapid ICT initially and followed by third             generation ELISA.Results Out of the 106 samples, females constituted 31 (29.2 per cent) of the study population whereas 75 (70.8 per cent) were males. The mean ages of males and females were 44.2 years and 41.2 years respectively. Anti-HCV antibodies were positive in 6 (5.66 per cent) patients by ICT method while 7 (6.6 per cent) patients were positive by ELISA method. The prevalence of HCV infection among haemodialysis patients in this study was 6.6 per cent. The sensitivity and  specificity of the ICT kit were 85.7 and 100 per cent respectively whereas positive and negative predictive values were 100 and 99 per cent respectively.Conclusion The present study shows that rapid ICT is a valuable tool in emergency situations like dialysis. An additional test if available can detect HCV infection and helps to avoid nosocomial transmission of HCV infection among patients on haemodialysis with low antibody titre.

Keyword :Key words Hepatitis C Virus, Enzyme-linked             immunosorbent assay, Immunochromatographic test.

 


Full Text:

PDF

References


. 1. Capner PM, Simmonds P, Peutherer JF. Togavirus and hepacivirus. In: Greenwood D, Slack R, 1. 1. Capner PM, Simmonds P, Peutherer JF. Togavirus and hepacivirus. In: Greenwood D, Slack R, Peutherer J, Barer M. editors. Medical microbiology.17th ed. Philadelphia: Chruchill Livingstone; 2007.p.524-35.

Natov SN, Pereira BJ. Hepatitis C in dialysis patients. Adv Ren Replace Ther.1996;3(4):275-83.

Quer J, Esteban JI. Epidemiology. In: Thomas H, Lemon S, Zuckerman A. editors. Viral Hepatitis.

rd ed. Australia: Blackwell publishing; 2005.p.407-25.

Narayan S. Microbes and blood transfusion. Ind J Med Microbiol. 2001;19(3):119-26.

Batool A, Khan MI, Bano KA. Efficacy of immunoassay chromatography test for hepatitis- C antibodies detection. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad.2009;21(3):38-9.

WHO. Hepatitis C assays: Operational characteristics (Phase 1). Blood Safety and clinical technology. World Health Organization Geneva Report 1. 2001;p.3.

Reddy GA, Dakshinamururthy KV, Neelaprasad P, Gangadhar T, Lakshmi V. Prevalence of HBV and HCV dual infection in patients on haemodialysis. Indian J Med Microbiol.2005;23(1):41-3.

Almawi WY, Qadi AA, Tamim H, Ameen G, Bu-Ali A, Arrayid S et al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis

C Virus and hepatitis B Virus among dialysis patients in Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.Transplant Proc.2004;36(6):1824-26.

Telaku S, Fejza H, Elezi Y, Bicaj T. Hepatitis B and C in dialysis units in Kosova. Virol J 2009;6:72.

Bdour S. Hepatitis C virus infection in Jordanian haemodialysis units: serological diagnosis and genotyping. J Med Microbiol.2002;51(8):700-4.

Khan JK, Lone DS, Hameed A, Munim MR, Bhatti M, Khattak AA et al. Evaluation of performance of two rapid immunochromatographic tests for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen and anti

HCV antibodies using ELISA tested samples. Annals of King Edward Medical University.2010;16(1): 84-7.

Daniel HD, Abraham P, Raghuraman S, Vivekanandan P, Subramaniam T, Sridharan G. Evaluation of a rapid assay as an alternative to conventional enzyme Immunoassays for detection of hepatitis C virus-specific antibodies. J Clin Microbiol.2005;43(4):1977-8.

Khan S, Attaullah S, Ali I, Ayaz S, Naseemullah, Khan SN et al. Rising burden of Hepatitis C virus in haemodialysis patients. Virol J.2011;8(1):438.

Hamissi J, Hamissi H. Occurence of hepatitis B and C infection among haemodialyzed patients with chronic renal failure in Qazvin, Iran: A preliminary study. Int J Coll Res Internal Med Pub Health.2011;3(1):89-96.

Mukhopadhya A. Hepatitis C in India. J.Biosci.2008;33(4):465 -73.

Alter MJ, Kuhnert WL, Finelli L. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for laboratory testing and result reporting of antibody to hepatitis C virus. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recomm Rep.2003;52:1 -13,15.

Weinstein T, Tur-Kaspa R, Chagnac A, Korzets A, Ori Y, Zevin D et al. Hepatitis C infection in dialysis patients in Israel. Isr Med Assoc J. 2001;3(3):174-7.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

An Initiative of The Tamil Nadu Dr M.G.R. Medical University