University Journal of Pre and Paraclinical Sciences
Association of Apolipoprotein B Gene Signal Peptide Insertion-Deletion Polymorphism and the Associated Lipid levels with Coronary Artery Disease
Abstract
Background and objectives - Apolipoprotein
B (apo B) is the principal structural
protein of low density lipoprotein (LDL),
involved in the lipoprotein metabolism and
in maintaining the cholesterol homeostasis.
It functions as a ligand for the LDLreceptor,
thus mediating the cellular uptake
of cholesterol. A polymorphism located
in the coding part of the signal peptide
of APOB gene has been associated
with altered lipid levels, mainly increased
plasma total cholesterol, LDL and apo B
concentrations. We carried out this study
to determine the association of APOB signal
peptide Ins- Del polymorphism and its
associated lipid levels with coronary
atherosclerosis. Methods - Genotype
analysis was done on 100 patients with
angiographically proven coronary atherosclerosis
and 100 control subjects by polymerase
chain reaction. Serum lipids and
apolipoprotein B were measured. Results -
Patients had significantly higher frequency
of Del (ID and DD) genotype than control
subjects (0.51 versus 0.27, p - 0.001)
with odds ratio of 2.8 (1.6 to 5.1, P -
0.001) between Del (ID and DD) genotype
and II genotype for developing coronary
atherosclerosis. Significantly higher levels
of apo B (148.2 mg per dL versus 106.4, p
- 0.000) was observed in coronary atherosclerosis
patients as compared to control
subjects. Conclusions - The APOB signal
peptide Ins-Del polymorphism and its associated
high level of apo B were significantly
associated with coronary artery disease.
The high level of apo B may be an
independent risk factor for coronary
atherosclerosis.
Keyword :apolipoprotein B, APOB gene,
signal peptide, insertion-deletion, coronary
artery disease, polymorphism.
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