Cover Image

SACRALIZATION OF FIFTH LUMBAR VERTEBRA

ANITHA .

Abstract


Sacrum is a wedge shaped bone formed by the    fusion of five sacral vertebrae with ossification of the   intervertebral joints. Broadest superiorly, the sacrum articulates with the fifth lumbar vertebra, while inferiorly, it narrows to articulate with the coccyx forming four pairs of sacral foramina. But during the osteology demonstration class of undergraduate MBBS students a sacrum with five pairs of sacral foramina was detected. The sacrum may contain six vertebrae with five pairs of sacral foramina. It may be due to the development of an  additional sacral element or fusion of fifth lumbar vertebra with first sacral vertebra or fusion of first coccygeal vertebra with fifth sacral vertebra. Sacralization of fifth lumbar vertebra has come into considerable prominence on account of fact that  radiography has thrown its beam of light upon a condition about which very little was known.

 


Full Text:

PDF

References


Standring S, ed. Gray’s Anatomy, The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 40th Ed., London, Churchill Living Stone. 2008; 724-28.

Eyo M U, Olofin A, Noronha C, Okanlawon A, Incidence of Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae in Low Back Pain Patients. West African J of Radiology. April 2001; Vol. 8, No.1: 1- 6.

Brenner A K, Use of Lumbosacral Region Manipulation and Therapeutic Exercises for a Patient with a Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebra and Low Back Pain, J Orthopaedics Sports Physical Therapy. 2005; Vol. 35(6) : 368-376.

Rajani S, Sacrum with Five Pairs of Sacral Foramina . Indian J. of Anatomical Variations. 2011 ;Vol .4 : 138-140.

Konin G P , Walz D M, Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae: Classification, Imaging Findings and Clinical Relevance American Journal of Neuro Radiology. 2010;31:1778-86.

Pilbeam D, The Anthropoid Postcranial Axial Skeleton: Comments on Development, Variation and Evolution. Journal of Experimental Zoology. 2004; Vol.302B : 241-267.

Fromental-Ramain C et al. Specific and Redundant Functions of the Paralogous Hoxa-9 and Hoxd-9 genes on Forelimb and Axial Skeleton Patterning. Development 1996;122:461-472.

Prakash B S, Dr Padmalatha K, Dr Jagdish L Menda, Sacralization of Fifth Lumbar Vertebrae. Anatomica Karnataka J.2011;Vol.5,(1):65-68.

Kanchan T, Shetty M, Nagesh K R, Menezes R G, Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebra: Clinical and Forensic Implications. Singapore Medical J. 2009; 50(2): e85-87.

MacGibbon B, Farfan H F, Yochum and Rowes Essentials of Skeletal Radiology , A Radiologic Survey of Various Configurations of the Lumbar Spine. 3rd Ed., Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.1979; Spine 4(3) : 258-266.

Chae-Gwan Kong, Jong-Soo Park, Jong-Beom Park, Sacralization of L5 in Radiological Studies of Degenerative Spondylolisthesis at L4-L5. Asian Spine Journal. 2008; vol.2, 1: 34- 37.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

An Initiative of The Tamil Nadu Dr M.G.R. Medical University