University Journal of Pre and Paraclinical Sciences
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS-B AND HEPATITIS- C INFECTION AMONG HIV POSITIVE AND HIV NEGATIVE INDIVIDUALS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Abstract
BACKGROUNDHuman immunodeficiency
virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), and
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major public
health concerns. HIV positive individuals
are at increased risk of coinfection with
HBV and HCV infections due to the high
degree of epidemiological similarity between
these viruses in terms of routes of
transmission, associated risk factors and
the presence of these viruses in various
body fluids. With the decline in HIVassociated
morbidity and mortality following
the introduction of highly active antiretroviral
therapy (HAART), liver disease
caused by chronic HBV and HCV coinfection
in HIV positive individuals has
emerged as a leading cause of hospitalization.
AIM To determine and compare the
prevalence of HBV and HCV infection
serologically in HIV positive and HIV negative
individuals. To assess the risk factors
among the HIV infected individuals. MATERIALS
AND METHODS The study
population included 100 HIV positive infected
patients, tested in ICTC
(Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre),
and 100 HIV negative individuals who
were volunteer blood donors. Blood samples
were subjected to serological analysis
for HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies,
using Rapid Immunochromatography test
and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay
(ELISA).RESULTSOut of 100 HIV
positive individuals, HBV coinfection was
detected in seven (7 percent) patients and
HCV coinfection was detected in only one
(1 percent) patient. None of the HIV infected
patients were positive for both HBV
and HCV infections . The most common
risk factor of HIV, HBV and HCV, in our
study population, was found to be the sexual
behaviour. Among the 100 HIV negative
individuals, two (2 percent) participants
were having HBV infection. HCV
antibodies was not detected among the
H I V n e g a t i v e p o p u l a -
tion.CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of
HBV (7 percent) and HCV(1 percent) infection,
among the HIV positive individuals,
was higher, when compared with HIV
negative individuals.
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