TRENDS OF DIARRHOEAL DISEASE AMONG ROTAVIRUS

Abstract

Diarrhoea is a leading killer of children,accounting for approximately 8 per cent of all deaths among children under age 5 worldwide in 2016. This translates to over 1,200 young children dying each day, or about 450,000 children a year, despite the availability of simple effective treatment. Most deaths from diarrhoea occur among children less than 2 years of age living in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Despite this heavy toll, progress is being made. From 2000 to 2016, the total annual number of deaths from  diarrhoea among children under 5 decreased by more than 50 per cent. Many more children could be saved through basic interventions.(1).India and Nigeria accounted for nearly 42 per cent of almost 500,000 child deaths globally due to diarrhoeal disease in 2015, as per the Lancet study .The study found that diarrhoea is the fourth leading cause of death for children and responsible for 8.6 per cent of all deaths of children aged under five. It pointed out that 42 per cent of these deaths occur in India and Nigeria alone. "However, the largest  number of deaths occurred in India and Nigeria, contributing 42 per cent of all 499,000 child deaths in 2015 (105,000 and 103,000 deaths, respectively)," the new Global Burden of Disease study published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases journal .It also noted that the number of child deaths caused by diarrhoea reduced by a third between 2005-2015, but  mortality rates remain highest in some of the world's poorest countries, with diarrhoea killing almost half a million children under five each year worldwide.